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Trademark Opposition
Trademark opposition in India comes at a stage after the registrar has approved the trademark application on the grounds of distinctiveness and published the third-party opposition’s trademark in the journal.
Who can oppose a Trademark Application in India?
Any person can oppose a trademark application filed by an applicant for various reasons during the trademark application stage.
According to Section 21 of the Trademark Act, ‘any person can oppose a trademark, irrespective of his commercial or personal interest in the matter.
A trademark can be countered by filed by a customer, member of the public, or competitor, or any other person. Also, the person filing the trademark opposition needs to be a prior registered trademark owner.
Who decides whether the trademark should be abandoned or registered?
After a trademark opposition is filed, both parties need to conclude whether the trademark should be abandoned or registered. However, there is no restriction on filing an opposition. Anyone who believes that the published mark might create confusion among the public can file for the opposition while defending the trademark lies in the trademark registrant’s hands.
Trademark Opposition Process
What is the procedure for the trademark opposition?
- Opposition Notice
Any person can file a notice of opposition on a trademark that appears on the trademark journal within four months from the first date of appearance. It must be filed on Trademark Form 5 in the prescribed manner and filed with applicable fees. - Counter-Statement
After the trademark opposition notice is filed with the trademark registrar, the registrar would serve a copy of the trademark opposition notice to the trademark applicant. Within two months of receipt of the trademark, opposition notices the trademark applicant must file the counter statement. If the trademark applicant fails to file the counter statement within the specified period, the trademark application shall be “abandoned.” However, it is necessary to understand the trademark registration status. - Hearing
After the evidence filing stage is over, the registrar shall send notices to both parties stating the date of hearing, which shall be at least one month after the date of the first, notice. The hearing is based on the notice of opposition, the counter-statement filing, and the filed evidence. The registrar hears the matter by the registrar, and if any of the parties does not show up for the hearing, the registrar will rule against him. - Appeals
Based on the review of the evidence submitted and the hearing of both the parties, the registrar decides whether the opposition was successful at doing so and, in turn determines whether the trademark should be registered or not. However, the party aggrieved by the registrar’s decision may challenge the same by filing an appeal before the Intellectual Property Appellate Board.
Time Limit for Trademark Opposition
After the trademark advertisement in the Trade Marks Journal, any person can oppose the trademark registration for three months (which may be extended by a period not exceeding one month). Trademark opposition filings can be done only at the Trademark Registrars’ office and cannot be taken directly to a Court or the Appellate Board (IPAB).
If a trademark opposition is successful, the registration of the trademark will be refused. If the trademark opposition application is rejected, the brand will be registered.
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